Exercise

1. Make a lego model
2.  Write the correct formula
3.  Write the correct name

Compounds are made from

Na+1 and Cl-1

Al+3 and O-2

Al+3 and Br-3

H+1 and O-2

Al+3 and Cl-1

Na+1 and O-2

H+1and Br-1


Now create five more

Chem notes

The universe is made of MATTER and ENERGY.  Everything can be classified under matter or energy.

MATTER is a a SUBSTANCE with

MASS (has grams) and VOLUME (volumes take up space)

ENERGY can make matter move.  Forms of energy include

KINETIC ENERGY - MOVEMENT

LIGHT  ENERGY – photons moving

SOUND E…   -  vibrations. Matter moving in a wave.

ELECTRICAL ENERGY – Flow of electrons

MAGNETIC

IN QUANTITATIVE science, we define things that are measurable.  Some things are not measurable

QUALITATIVE science (behavioural science) is difficult to measure but must be described and characterized in non measurable terms.

MATTER

Is made of  subunits called ATOMS.

An atom is the basic unit of all matter in our universe.  Everything is made of ATOMS.  THERE IS NOTHING THAT IS NOT MADE OF ATOMS.

ANALOGY – USING A STORY TO HELP UNDERSTAND A CONCEPT

AN ANALOGY OF ATOMS AND MATTER

ATOMS are like lego

-Lego comes in many different shapes and sizes.  So do atoms.

- you can use lego to build things and break them apart and re-use the lego to build different things. 

If I have three tubs of lego and we have three different types of lego, and each tub has the same type…

ELEMENT – A GROUPING (or a box) of the same type of atom

COMPOUND– when you attach two or more different types of atoms together

MOLECULE – two or more of the same type of atom attached together.

How IONIC COMPOUNDS form

Atoms of an element can have a tendency to form one of two charges. 

Some atoms can form a positive charge   + they are called

CATIONS

Some atoms can form a negative charge  -

ANIONS

Opposite charges always attract thus CATIONS ALWAYS JOIN ANIONS

Use lego pieces and build the following compounds

chem notes

Steps of the Scientific Method

This link includes information on the steps of the scientific method

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Write a summary of the steps

Scientific Method

Scientific Method in a nutshell

1.  First make an observation, a measurement
2.  Next make a theory about that observation.  Your theory is called
a HYPOTHESIS
3.  TEST YOUR HYPOTHESIS by designing an experiment.  The experiment must
be fair. That is, you must be willing to test whether your hypothesis is wrong.
4.  Design your experiment so that you are testing a big enough SAMPLE SIZE.
Control the other factors which may influence the outcome of the experiment.
5.  Make a prediction:
a.  if my hypothesis is correct, then the outcome will be....
b.  if my hypothesis is incorrect, then the outcome will be...
6.  Conduct the experiment and make observations
7.  Make a conclusion.
8.  other people try and replicate your experiment to see if they get the same results.

Homework:  Due next period

Study for the safety test, including all the symbols
Redesign my experiment and make it a more valid experiment.  Write a one page redesign of the experiment.

A few science safety rules. We'll go over more in class

1.    

Follow teacher instructions

a.     If you wish to change instructions, check with teacher

b.     If you break anything or get hurt, report it REPORT ACCIDENTS

2.     No horseplay, fooling around

3.     Keep yourself safe

a.     Hair tied back, no loose clothing, shoes are closed

b.     If chemicals get on skin, use water

c.     Use eyewash if anything gets in eyes

d.     Wear goggles if needed

e.  If you wear contacts, inform the teacher

4.      Keep your area safe

a.     your work area is neat and organized

b.     you have your lab instructions

c.     aware of fire safety and chemical safety

5.     Keep the classroom safe

a.     Carry materials in a safe way

b.     Aware of fire safety procedure

c.     Don’t remove any experiments from the classroom

d.     Don’t do experiments without first checking with teacher.

6.      Hot and cold and chemical safety

a.     never assume the temperature of something.  Take precautions

b.     hot beaker and cold beaker look identical

c.     always point a test tube away from everyone

d.     when smelling a chemical, waft.


You will create safety rules by reading and summarizing the safety procedures in your text.  Then you will take the Finn Laboratory Saftey Test

The rules can be under the following categories:
HIGHEST PRIORITIES:

THESE RULES CAN BE SUMMED UP LIKE THIS
Talk to the instructor                     

KEEP ORGANIZED AND SAFE
Keep the classroom safe
Keeping your work area safe
Keep safe with your colleagues
Keep yourself safe
KNOW THE SYMBOLS
Know the correct symbols, WHIMIS symbols


COMMUNICATE AND REACT TO AN EMERGENCY
       Emergency procedures for fire, toxins, spills, and evacuation